Root System Architecture and Omics Approaches for Belowground Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Plant growth and productivity is negatively affected by several abiotic stresses. To overcome the antagonistic effect of a changing environment, plants have evolved modifications at physiological as well molecular levels. Besides being vital organ for plant’s nutrient uptake, roots also plays significant role in stress regulation. This review provides insight into Root System Architecture (RSA) under varying environmental stimuli using high-throughput omics technologies. Several next-generation technologies, such phenomics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, will help analysis response root architectural traits climatic vagaries their impact on crop yield. Various phenotypic technologies been implied identification diverse field laboratory conditions, root-box pinboards, rhizotrons, shovelomics, ground-penetrating radar, etc. These analyses identifying genetic regulation root-related different crops. High-throughput genomic transcriptome has led researchers to unravel system these cues, even single-cell level. Detailed protein metabolite levels can provide better understanding improvement development resistant varieties.